| Method |
How it is Used |
Failure Rate |
Risks & Side Effects |
|
Abstinence
|
No sexual intercourse and no type of contact between the male and female sexual organs where
bodily fluids could be exchanged
|
0% |
No Side Effects
|
|
Cervical Cap
|
A soft rubber barrier that covers the cervix in order to prevent sperm from entering into the
uterus
|
20% (40% after childbirth) |
No Side Effects (unless allergic)
|
|
Condom - Female
|
A sheath, often made of latex rubber, inserted into the vaginal to block the passage of
sperm
|
21% |
No Side Effects (unless allergic)
|
|
Condom - Male
|
A sheath, often made of latex rubber, covers the erect penis to block the passage of sperm
|
14% |
No Side Effects (unless allergic)
|
|
Depo-Provera Injection
|
Injection of Progestin that is given every 3 months to prevent ovulation, change cervical mucus
to block sperm, and change the lining or the uterus to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg
|
0.3% |
Irregular or missed menstrual cycle,Weight gain, Breast tenderness
|
|
Diaphragm
|
A soft rubber dome that covers the cervix to block the passage of sperm.
|
20% |
No Side Effects (unless allergic)
|
|
Fertility Awareness
|
Using the menstrual cycle and other tools to predict ovulation, and abstaining from intercourse
during these expected fertile times
|
25% |
No Side Effects
|
|
Intrauterine Device (IUD) - Copper
|
A device is inserted into a woman's uterus (by a doctor) to block sperm and change the uterus
lining to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg
|
0.8% |
Ectopic pregnancies, Increased bleeding during menstrual cycle, Severe menstruation cramps,
Perforation of the uterus, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
|
|
Intrauterine Device (IUD) - Progesterone
|
2% |
|
Lunelle Injection
|
Injection os Progestin and Estrogen that is given every month to prevent ovulation, change
cervical mucus to block sperm, and change the lining or the uterus to prevent implantation of a
fertilized egg
|
0.1 - 1% |
Similar to oral contraceptives
|
|
Nothing/Chance
|
No birth control method
|
85% |
No Side Effects
|
|
Oral Contraceptive (estrogen/progestin)
|
Taken daily by women to suppress ovulation and change the lining of the uterus to prevent
implantation of a fertilized egg
|
5% |
Nausea, Headaches, Weight gain, Depression, Irregular Bleeding
*Women who smoke are advised not to take oral contraceptives
|
|
Oral Contraceptive (progestin only)
|
Taken daily by women to change cervical mucus to block sperm and also changes the uterus lining
to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg
|
5% |
Breast tenderness, Weight gain, Menstrual cycle changes
*Women who smoke are advised not to take oral contraceptives
|
|
Ortho-Evra Patch
|
A patch containing synthetic hormones placed on your skin works same as oral contraceptives
|
0.1 - 1% |
Similar to oral contraceptives
|
|
Spermicide (only)
|
A jelly, foam, or cream containing chemicals that kill sperm
|
26% |
No Side Effects (unless allergic)
|
|
A soft saucer-shaped polyurethane sponge that blocks the cervix and absorbs semen
|
20% (40% after childbirth) |
No Side Effects (unless allergic)
|
|
Sterilization - Female
|
Permanent surgical procedure to prevent pregnancy - fallopian tube is damaged to prevent passage
of eggs and sperm
|
0.5% |
If a woman conceives after a sterilization procedure there is a risk of an ectopic
pregnancies.
|
|
Sterilization - Male
|
Permanent surgical procedure to prevent pregnancy - vas deferens tube is damaged to prevent
passage of sperm into ejaculate
|
0.2% |
No Side Effects
|
|
Withdrawal
|
Withdrawal of the penis before ejaculation
|
19% |
No Side Effects
|
